Charles II, Archduke of Austria HABSBURG was born on month day 1540, at birth place, to Ferdinand I Nicholas von Habsburg and Anna Jagiellonka. Later Charles’s half-brother, Don Juan José, the product of an extra-marital liaison between his father and the actress Maria Calderón, became an important figure for him. Case in point: All of Charles’ great-grandparents were descended from the same parents: Philip I and Joanna of Castile. A native of Vienna, he was the third son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, daughter of King Vladislaus II of Hungary and his wife Anne of Foix-Candale. The political area referred to as Spain was, in fact… Besides their long stints in the thrones of numerous countries, they’re also known for the distinctive Habsburg jaw. Also known as “the Bewitched” or “El Hechizado,” Charles II is mostly remembered for his ill-health that led to his death at the age of 38, without any heir. Photo: Charles II of Spain, 1661-1700, Habsburg King of Spain. Save settings A portrait (by Juan Carreño de Miranda) of Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburg kings, and his father, Philip IV (painted by Diego Velázquez, of whom the king was a patron). Accept all cookies. from 1665 king of Spain (at first until 1675 under the tutelary regency of his mother Maria Anna) ... Chapter Charles II: the last Spanish Habsburg. Charles’s second wife, Maria Anna of Palatinate-Neuburg, also influenced the king in her favour, and he was degraded to being a mere pawn in the power struggle between his mother and his wife. Franz von Innerösterreich) (3 June 1540 – 10 July 1590) was an Archduke of Austria and ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carniola, Carinthia and Gorizia) from 1564. Charles II, Habsburg jaw and all, was not able to produce any children of his own; researchers speculate that he may also have been infertile. In fact, his government is considered purely symbolic because, ascended to the throne at … Adding to your cart. The Habsburgs were once … Unlike his brother, Emperor Maximilian II, Charles was a religious Catholic and promoted the Counter-Reformation, e.g. He is now best remembered . Find the perfect Charles Ii Of Habsburg stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Don Juan José administered the affairs of government in Charles’s name until his death in 1679. The Habsburg dynasty: Here you can read potted biographies, examine portraits from seven centuries and dip into the historical contexts of past epochs. Monarchical rule was legitimized by descent. But their real rise to power begins in 1273 when Rudolf of Habsburgwas elected King of the Romans and the Kingdom of Germany. The information contained in the cookies is not used to identify you personally. And it completely collapsed when Charles VI daughter, Maria … Royal inbreeding extinguished the Spanish Habsburg dynasty which ended with the death of King Charles II … And Charles was indeed easy to influence: he always followed the suggestions of those around him, upon whom he was completely dependent. Charles was born into political strife in Europe as the Habsburgs tried to control the entire continent. You can block or delete these cookies in your browser settings, but in doing so you risk the danger of preventing several parts of the website from functioning properly. Photo: Charles II of Spain, 1661-1700, Habsburg King of Spain. The precarious situation of the Spanish Habsburgs, who were on the verge of extinction due to the lack of male heirs, manifested itself in rumours that the son marked so disastrously by the consequences of massive inbreeding was … The item you've selected was not added to your cart. King Charles II of Spain was the last in the Habsburg line and one of the most afflicted with the facial deformity. Archduke Charles II Franz of Austria A native of Vienna, he was the third son of Ferdinand… Anna was born on July 23 1503, in Buda, Kingdom of Hungary. Cookie settings (Portrait of Charles II of Spain by Juan Carreño de Miranda, c. Charles II attempted to have a child but was useless, when he died in 1700, Spain had a succession crisis, and the Habsburg dynasty loses it's grip on power over Spain and was replaced by France's Bourbon dynasty. In the painting above is Charles II, king of Spain, the last of the Spanish Hapsburgs, and an imbecile whose premature death at the age of 39 ushered in a period of dynastic chaos which led to the War of Spanish Succession. But the Habsburg dynasty crumbled like stale bread when Charles II of the Spanish Empire – the last true monarch of the line – was born. Charles’ mother, meanwhile, was Phillip’s second wife, Mariana of Austria, whom the king had married in 1646. 1685.) 39. Successor and son of second marriage of King Philip IV. Details on the individual cookies can be found under “Cookie settings”. Charles II of Spain was the last ruler of the Habsburg dynasty, a powerful dynasty that destroyed itself through inbreeding. PEPE MORON. Until the 18th century, this method worked quite well. Charles II of Spain was born November 6, 1661 and became king in 1665 at the tender young age of four. But their real rise to power begins in 1273 when Rudolf of Habsburgwas elected King of the Romans and the Kingdom of Germany. Source: TRAJAN 117 / Public Domain. Inbreeding wiped out Spanish Habsburgs, say researchers. The dynasty's Austrian line continued through the end of World War I, when Emporer Karl I renounced control over state affairs. The following analysis cookies are used only with your consent. By the time Charles II was born in 1661, his genome was equivalent to that of a child born to direct siblings. In particular, the composer Orlando di Lasso was one of his protégés, as was the music theorist Lodovico Zacconi. His realm included Southern Netherlands and Spain's overseas empire, stretching from the Americas to the Spanish East Indies. The Habsburgs dynasty also known as the House of Austria ruled in Europe for more than 650 years. The Habsburgs were notorious for marrying cousins, uncles, aunts, whatever, to keep power within their family. Ein biographisches Lexikon, Wien 1988, Vocelka, Karl / Heller, Lynne: Die Lebenswelt der Habsburger. He was a member of the House of Habsburg. As a result of Charles’ inbreeding, he was severely deformed. The Habsburgs were once the most powerful family in … The map shows the territorial development of the Habsburg Monarchy as it evolved into a sprawling, geographically fragmented empire. They had fifteen children: Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. And it completely collapsed when Charles VI daughter, Maria Th… He did not learn to read and write until a comparatively late age and was excluded from any kind of higher learning, with the result that as an adult he was kept away from the affairs of government. Mariana was also Philip’s niece, and she bore him five children. The Habsburgs trace their origins to the Habsburg Castle in modern-day Switzerland. But the Habsburg dynasty crumbled like stale bread when Charles II of the Spanish Empire – the last true monarch of the line – was born. Mary, however, disagreed, as did Charles's older brother Maximilian. He was a member of the House of Habsburg. His realm included Southern Netherlands and Spain's overseas empire, stretching from the Americas to the Spanish East Indies. Juan Carreño de Miranda: King Charles II of Spain. Charles II of Spain painted by Juan Carreño de Miranda around 1685. 40. Charles II Francis of Austria (German: Karl II. All his life Charles was under the changing influence of rival factions, who were, however, united in their efforts to instrumentalize the king for their own purposes. In fact, the levels increase consistently from the earliest Spanish Habsburgs, like King Philip I (1478-1506), to Charles II, the last Spanish Habsburg king. Habsburg versus the Sun King; Charles … The negotiations dragged on until Queen Elizabeth decided that she would not marry the Archduke; religion was the main obstacle to the match,[1] apart from the Queen's character. https://www.habsburger.net/en/chapter/charles-ii-last-spanish-habsburg, Hamann, Brigitte (Hg. Read biographical notes and explore the historical context. Charles II, king of Spain from 1665 to 1700 and the last monarch of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty. Archduke Charles II Franz of Austria A native of … Charles II of Spain, the last ruler in the Habsburg family line. Rumors ran wild about Charles II during his lifetime, and this wasn’t … Charles II, Archduke of Austria HABSBURG was born on month day 1540, at birth place, to Ferdinand I Nicholas von Habsburg and Anna Jagiellonka. Journey through the different epochs of Habsburg history from the Middle Ages to the First World War. In 1563, Charles was also a suitor of Mary, Queen of Scots, with her uncle Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, advising her to marry Charles in order to obtain assistance in governing Scotland. We employ strictly necessary and analysis cookies. His body finally gave out and he died in 1700 when he was just 39 years old the accumulation of two centuries worth of harmful traits being passed down to a single body. Price: US $14.99. Spain as a unified state came into being de jure only after the death in 1700 of Charles II and with it the extinction of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty, and the ascension of Philip V and the inauguration of the Bourbon dynastyand its central reforms as in France. The people of Spain had a nickname for him: El Hechizado, which loosely translates as “the … Franz von Innerösterreich) (3 June 1540 – 10 July 1590) was an Archduke of Austria and ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carniola, Carinthia and Gorizia) from 1564. However, in 1572, he had to make significant concessions to the Inner Austrian Estates in the Religious Pacifications of Graz, and 1578 and the Libellum of Bruck. Some of the most well known Habsburgs include emperor Ferdinand I, Charles II of Spain, Empress Maria Therese and Marie Antoinette. Franz von Innerösterreich) (3 June 1540 – 10 July 1590) was an Archduke of Austria and ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carniola, Carinthia and Gorizia) from 1564. Charles II. King Charles II of Spain, was the last Habsburg ruler of the Spanish Empire. The Habsburg line had perished with the death of Charles VI but, with a sleight of title, Maria Theresa gave it a second life that would carry the Habsburgs into the 20th century. Water on the Brain… Operation! In 1573, Charles founded the Akademisches Gymnasium in Graz, the oldest secondary school in Styria. Accept all cookies. for his physical disabilities. While there had been indicators that the Habsburg line was beginning to deteriorate biologically, not every chi… As with all other royal families of the time, the Habsburgs engaged in strategic marriages to consol… King Charles II of Spain was the last in the Habsburg line and one of the most afflicted with the facial deformity. At the same time the era is marked by large-scale military ... © 2020 Die Welt der Habsburger All rights reserved. A new report at Smithsonian takes a look back at one of the most distinctive features of a royal family that once ruled much of Europe over the course of several centuries. But the final Habspurg king of Spain, Charles II, was perhaps the most unfortunate result of these unions. 39. Ferdinand was born on March 10 1503, in Alcala de Henares, Castellón, Espagna. … Credit: Wikimedia Commons. You can also find further information in our data protection declaration. King Charles II of Spain by Juan Carreño de Miranda . He was a member of the House of Habsburg. Ferdinand (b. Judenburg, 15 July 1572 – d. Judenburg, 3 August 1572). His mother ruled as a regent for 10 years until Charles was a teenager. Habsburg Empire Threatend. Charles II (Spanish: Carlos II) was the last Habsburg ruler of Spain. Charles II of Spain, the last ruler in the Habsburg family line. Here you can view or change the cookie settings used on this domain. A 2016 Ancient Origins article explains that this mega-rich and influential European dynasty created a “hermetic reality” involving only those with Habsburg royal blood , and while from outside their empire everything appeared perfectly fine, their history contains many shameful and weird episodes leading up to Charles II of Spain in 1740, who being incapable of producing an heir brought the ancient family's senior branch, the male line lineage, to an end. King Charles’ Was Known as El Hechizado. The last Habsburg king of Spain, Charles II, died in 1700. This page was last edited on 8 September 2020, at 22:51. Scientists have confirmed that facial deformities among the House of Habsburg … Conceivably as a direct result of these marriages between relatives, infant and child mortality rose to 50% among Spanish Habsburgs, much higher than the average for the period. In Vienna on 26 August 1571 Charles married his niece Maria Anna of Bavaria. It led to the family's decline when Charles II, the final Habsburg monarch, was unable to produce an heir 8 Until now, no research has been able to … Charles (b. Graz, 17 July 1579 – d. Graz, 17 May 1580). First study to indicate a direct relationship between inbreeding and facial morphology. Influenced by the opposition, however, Charles refused to put his signature to the agreement postponing the declaration of his majority for two years. At first his mother and her advisor, the Austrian Jesuit and confessor Johann Eberhard Nithard, and later on the First Minister Fernando Valenzuela, had the greatest influence on the mentally fragile monarch. His health had been so poor throughout his life, though, that it was surprising he lasted as long as he did. Note the prominent jaw. Chapter Charles II and the issue of the succession. Also known as “the Bewitched” or “El Hechizado,” Charles II is mostly remembered for his ill-health that led to his death at the age of 38, without any heir. Facial deformity in royal dynasty was linked to inbreeding, scientists confirm. Charles II Francis of Austria (German: Karl II. He encouraged the development of his feeble brother, and there seemed to be some improvement. In 1580, Charles founded a stud for horses of Andalusian origin in Lipica, Slovenia, thereby playing a leading role in the creation of the Lipizzan breed. Was Charles II the worst affected? His body finally gave out and he died in 1700 when he was just 39 years old the accumulation of two centuries worth of harmful traits being passed down to a single body. All the members of the Habsburg dynasty. However, Juan José also misused the king as an instrument for his ambitions. Charles is also remembered as a benefactor of the arts and sciences. Choose from various themes to access and explore the history of the Habsburg Monarchy, for example ‘work’, ‘love’ or ‘death’. by inviting the Jesuits to his territory. Analysis cookies are used only with your consent and exclusively for statistical purposes. Charles was afflicted with an almost bizarre ugliness; in him the classic Habsburg physiognomy – a prognathous jaw and elongated skull – was exaggerated to an almost cartoonish degree. The inbreeding coefficient of the Spanish Habsburg kings increased strongly along generations from 0.025 for king Philip I, the founder of the dynasty, to 0.254 for Charles II and several members of the dynasty had inbreeding coefficients higher than 0.20. As the Inner Austrian line had to bear the major burden of the wars against the Turks, the fortress of Karlstadt/Karlovac in Croatia was founded in 1579 and named after him. Charles’s mother, the dowager queen Maria Anna, wanted to prevent this, arguing that her son was not yet mentally or physically mature enough for this great responsibility. Anna was born on July 23 1503, in Buda, Kingdom of Hungary. Disturbingly, by modern standards, intermarriage between blood relatives was commonplace among members of the Habsburg dynasty, who ruled several European kingdoms. He is regarded as a grotesque reflection of Spain’s decline and a prototypical product of dynastic inbreeding. Elisabeth (b. Graz, 13 March 1577 – d. Graz, 29 January 1586). King Charles II of Spain was the last in the Habsburg line and one of the most afflicted with the ...[+] facial deformity Don Juan Carreño de Miranda/T&F Group. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919. During his lifetime Charles ran a vast and powerful kingdom, although he will be remembered as the last ruler of Habsburg Spain and the one with very severe health difficulties due to several generations of royal inbreeding. Cookies are a technical feature necessary for the basic functions of the website. Charles' mausoleum in Seckau Abbey, in which other members of the Habsburg family are also buried, is one of the most important edifices of the early Baroque in the South-Eastern Alps. Pictured, King Charles II of Spain, the last of the Habsburg dynasty, was severely affected by the deformity Portraits of Philip IV King of Spain (left) and Charles II of Spain (right) are seen above Credit: Don Juan Carreño de Miranda (Portrait of Charles II of Spain by Juan Carreño de Miranda, c. Monarch of Spain. Royal inbreeding extinguished the Spanish Habsburg dynasty which ended with the death of King Charles II … Following the sudden death of Don Juan José, Charles again came under the influence of his mother. The Habsburgs dynasty also known as the House of Austria ruled in Europe for more than 650 years. Maria Christina, Princess of Transylvania, Maria Maddalena, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, "Habsburg, Philipp I. der Schöne von Oesterreich", Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich, "Charles, called The Bold, duke of Burgundy", "Ferdinand V. of Castile and Leon and II.